Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: An herbalist argues that fighting bacteria with a single-ingredient antibiotic is like a cook trying to please one guest, whereas using a multi-ingredient herbal remedy is like trying to please dozens of guests at once—it's much harder for the 'guests' (bacteria) to be satisfied (develop resistance).

Conclusion: Herbal antibacterial remedies are more likely than standard antibiotics to remain effective against new, resistant bacteria.

Reasoning: Herbal remedies contain many active ingredients while antibiotics have only one; it is much harder for bacteria to adapt to many ingredients at once than to just one.

Analysis: This question asks you to identify a specific component of an analogy. The 'standard antibiotic' is described as having only one active ingredient, which the herbalist compares to the task of pleasing a single guest. Therefore, in this comparison, the standard antibiotic corresponds to the scenario of preparing a meal for one person. Focus strictly on the structural mapping between the biological components and the culinary ones.

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17.

In the analogy drawn in the argument above, which one of the following corresponds to a standard antibiotic?

Correct Answer
A
A standard antibiotic has a single active ingredient; in the analogy, that maps to the case of pleasing a single guest. So “a single guest” corresponds to a standard antibiotic.
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