Passage Summary: We used to think Babylonians were the first to make alcohol around 1500 B.C., but we found an Egyptian beer cup from 2000 B.C., so now we're sure Egypt was the very first.

Conclusion: Ancient Egypt was the first society to ever produce alcoholic beverages.

Reasoning: While Babylonians were making wine by 1500 B.C., a recently discovered Egyptian cup from 2000 B.C. contains beer residue and depicts a brewery.

Analysis: The flaw here is a leap in logic regarding 'the first.' Just because the Egyptian discovery is older than the Babylonian one doesn't mean there isn't an even older society out there that we haven't discovered yet. The author is treating the oldest *known* evidence as the oldest evidence that *exists*. Look for an answer that points out that the argument ignores the possibility of other, undiscovered societies that might have produced alcohol even earlier than 2000 B.C.