Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A poet who hated rules and standardization was actually fighting against the very thing his poetry needs to function, because his metaphors rely on the strict rules of language.

Conclusion: Cummings opposed something that was essential to his own poetic work.

Reasoning: Cummings opposed regimentation, but his work involved metaphor, which relies on literal language, and literal language is inherently regimented.

Analysis: The argument sets up a logical chain: Metaphor requires Literal Language, and Literal Language requires Regimentation. Since Cummings opposes Regimentation, he is effectively opposing the foundation of Metaphor. However, the conclusion only follows if we assume that Metaphor is actually essential to Cummings' work. Look for an assumption that explicitly connects 'metaphor' to 'the work Cummings did' to ensure the logic is airtight.

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2.

The argument's conclusion can be properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct Answer
B
B asserts that metaphor was essential to Cummings’s work. Combined with Metaphor → Literal Language and Literal Language → Regimentation, it makes regimentation essential to his work, completing the chain needed for the conclusion.
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