Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: The author claims that because physical objects can be broken down and anything breakable is flawed, all physical objects are flawed. Based on this, the author concludes that the spirit is not a physical object.

Conclusion: The spirit is not a material body.

Reasoning: All material bodies can be divided into parts, and anything that can be divided is imperfect; therefore, all material bodies are imperfect.

Analysis: This is a Sufficient Assumption question, so we are looking for the missing link that makes the conclusion logically bulletproof. The argument establishes that being a 'material body' implies being 'imperfect.' To conclude that the 'spirit' is NOT a 'material body,' we need to know something about the spirit that separates it from that chain. If we assume the spirit is perfect, then by the contrapositive of the author's logic, it cannot be a material body. Look for an answer that explicitly states the spirit is imperfect-proof or otherwise indivisible.

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10.

The final conclusion above follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct Answer
D
If the spirit is perfect, then it is not imperfect. Given material body → imperfect, the contrapositive (not imperfect → not a material body) yields that the spirit is not a material body. This makes the final conclusion follow logically.
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