Passage Summary: Scientists checked 1,000 peanuts from two different batches and found way more moldy ones in the second batch, so they concluded the second batch is generally more infected.

Conclusion: Aspergillus infection is more prevalent in lot B than in lot A.

Reasoning: A sample of 1,000 items from each lot showed a significantly higher number of infected items in lot B than in lot A.

Analysis: The argument uses a representative sample to make a generalization about a larger population. It assumes that because the sample sizes are equal and the results differ, the overall groups must differ in the same way. When looking for a parallel, prioritize an answer that takes two equal-sized samples, finds a difference in a specific trait, and concludes that the trait is more common in one of the larger groups. Avoid choices that use different sample sizes or conclude something other than a general frequency.