Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: An expert says a concert will only fail to sell out if the promotion is bad. Since the concert didn't sell out, the promotion must have been bad.

Conclusion: The recent concert was likely not advertised effectively.

Reasoning: An expert stated that the concert would definitely sell out unless it was poorly promoted, and the concert failed to sell out.

Analysis: This argument follows a valid deductive structure known as Modus Tollens: If P, then Q; Not Q, therefore Not P. The 'unless' phrase creates a conditional requirement where a sell-out is guaranteed by good promotion. To find the match, look for an answer choice that establishes a conditional guarantee and then concludes the condition was missing because the result didn't happen.

Passage Stimulus

Passage Redacted

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19.

The pattern of reasoning in which one of the following is most similar to that in the argument above?

Correct Answer
C
It matches the structure: an expert says if properly repaired, the damage wouldn’t be noticeable; the damage is noticeable; therefore, the repair probably wasn’t proper—an application of the contrapositive paralleling the stimulus.
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