Flawed ReasoningDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Since heart disease is a big problem and aspirin helps prevent it, a reporter suggests that almost everyone would be healthier if they just took an aspirin every day.
Conclusion: Most people in industrialized countries would improve their health by taking a daily aspirin.
Reasoning: Daily aspirin helps prevent heart disease, which is a very common health issue in these specific nations.
Analysis: The reporter is prescribing a one-size-fits-all solution based on a single health benefit, which is a bit like suggesting everyone wear a helmet at all times because head injuries are common. The flaw lies in assuming that a benefit for one specific condition (heart disease) translates to an overall health improvement for everyone, regardless of their individual health profile. It completely ignores the potential side effects or risks that aspirin might pose to people who aren't actually at risk for heart disease. Look for an answer that highlights this failure to weigh the general risks against the specific benefits.
Conclusion: Most people in industrialized countries would improve their health by taking a daily aspirin.
Reasoning: Daily aspirin helps prevent heart disease, which is a very common health issue in these specific nations.
Analysis: The reporter is prescribing a one-size-fits-all solution based on a single health benefit, which is a bit like suggesting everyone wear a helmet at all times because head injuries are common. The flaw lies in assuming that a benefit for one specific condition (heart disease) translates to an overall health improvement for everyone, regardless of their individual health profile. It completely ignores the potential side effects or risks that aspirin might pose to people who aren't actually at risk for heart disease. Look for an answer that highlights this failure to weigh the general risks against the specific benefits.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage20.The reasoning in the doctor's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
Correct Answer
B
Yes—the reasoning overlooks that even if a disease is one of the most common, most individuals may not be at significant risk. If many people are low-risk, a daily aspirin may not make them healthier (and could pose unnecessary risks), undermining the conclusion about “most people.”
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