StrengthenDiff: Hardest
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Biologists used to think they were safe from fraud but weren't, so they fixed their system; now, physicists should do the same because they are currently making the same mistake biologists once made.
Conclusion: Physics would benefit and progress if physicists implemented the same types of anti-fraud safeguards that biologists did.
Reasoning: Biology had a similar overconfidence in peer review that failed, but they fixed it with new safeguards; therefore, physics (which currently relies on peer review) should follow suit.
Analysis: This is an argument by analogy, which is only as strong as the similarity between the two things being compared. The author assumes that because biology needed more than peer review, physics does too. To strengthen this, we need an answer that bolsters the comparison. Look for information suggesting that physics is currently vulnerable to fraud or that their peer review system is just as fallible as biology's was twenty years ago.
Conclusion: Physics would benefit and progress if physicists implemented the same types of anti-fraud safeguards that biologists did.
Reasoning: Biology had a similar overconfidence in peer review that failed, but they fixed it with new safeguards; therefore, physics (which currently relies on peer review) should follow suit.
Analysis: This is an argument by analogy, which is only as strong as the similarity between the two things being compared. The author assumes that because biology needed more than peer review, physics does too. To strengthen this, we need an answer that bolsters the comparison. Look for information suggesting that physics is currently vulnerable to fraud or that their peer review system is just as fallible as biology's was twenty years ago.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage22.The conclusion of the scientist's argument is most strongly supported if which one of the following is assumed?
Correct Answer
A
A directly supplies the missing link: if major incidents of fraud are harmful to progress, then measures that prevent them (as in biology) would be conducive to progress in physics.
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