Flawed ReasoningDiff: Easy
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: A journalist found a list of some members of a secret group. Since a specific company isn't on that list, the journalist assumes the company isn't in the group at all.
Conclusion: Bruch Industries is definitely not a member of the manufacturers' trade group.
Reasoning: A document listing hundreds of manufacturing companies was confirmed to contain only members, and Bruch Industries does not appear on that document.
Analysis: The journalist is making a classic 'absence of evidence' error by assuming the document they received is an exhaustive list of every single member. While the representative confirmed that everyone on the list is a member, they never said that everyone who is a member is on the list. In logical terms, the journalist is treating a sufficient condition for membership as a necessary one. Look for an answer that points out the possibility that the list is merely a partial directory rather than a complete roster.
Conclusion: Bruch Industries is definitely not a member of the manufacturers' trade group.
Reasoning: A document listing hundreds of manufacturing companies was confirmed to contain only members, and Bruch Industries does not appear on that document.
Analysis: The journalist is making a classic 'absence of evidence' error by assuming the document they received is an exhaustive list of every single member. While the representative confirmed that everyone on the list is a member, they never said that everyone who is a member is on the list. In logical terms, the journalist is treating a sufficient condition for membership as a necessary one. Look for an answer that points out the possibility that the list is merely a partial directory rather than a complete roster.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage4.The journalist's reasoning in the argument is flawed in that the journalist
Correct Answer
B
The reasoning presumes the document is a complete list of members. Without evidence that it names every member, absence of Bruch on the list does not show it isn’t a member.
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