Flawed ReasoningDiff: Medium
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Philosophers say true happiness is a hard-earned, life-long goal, but Deirdre thinks they are wrong because a nice walk on the beach makes people feel good right away.
Conclusion: The philosophers who claim happiness is difficult to achieve are being overly pessimistic and have exaggerated the challenge.
Reasoning: While philosophers define happiness as the long-term satisfaction of reaching one's potential, simple activities like walking on a beach can make people feel happy immediately.
Analysis: The flaw here is a classic case of equivocation, where a key term changes meaning midway through the argument. The philosophers are discussing 'happiness' as a deep, Aristotelian sense of fulfillment, while Deirdre is talking about 'happiness' as a momentary pleasant mood. Because she isn't using the word in the same way the philosophers are, her evidence about beach walks doesn't actually disprove their claims about long-term potential. Look for an answer that identifies this failure to address the specific definition provided by the philosophers.
Conclusion: The philosophers who claim happiness is difficult to achieve are being overly pessimistic and have exaggerated the challenge.
Reasoning: While philosophers define happiness as the long-term satisfaction of reaching one's potential, simple activities like walking on a beach can make people feel happy immediately.
Analysis: The flaw here is a classic case of equivocation, where a key term changes meaning midway through the argument. The philosophers are discussing 'happiness' as a deep, Aristotelian sense of fulfillment, while Deirdre is talking about 'happiness' as a momentary pleasant mood. Because she isn't using the word in the same way the philosophers are, her evidence about beach walks doesn't actually disprove their claims about long-term potential. Look for an answer that identifies this failure to address the specific definition provided by the philosophers.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage6.Which one of the following most accurately describes a reasoning flaw in Deirdre's argument?
Correct Answer
C
She shifts the meaning of “happiness” mid-argument—from the philosophers’ notion (sustained fulfillment of potential) to brief pleasurable feelings during a seaside walk—so her evidence doesn’t refute the philosophers’ claim about difficulty.
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