Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A nation tried to help rural folks get electricity by subsidizing energy production, but because some people in very remote areas still don't have power, the author claims the whole plan was a failure.

Conclusion: The energy subsidy failed to meet its intended goal.

Reasoning: Despite the subsidy, many residents in the most isolated rural areas still do not have access to electricity.

Analysis: The author is falling into an 'all-or-nothing' trap. Just because the most isolated populations still lack power doesn't mean the subsidy didn't successfully bring electricity to thousands of other rural residents. To find the flaw, look for an answer that points out the author treats a partial success as a total failure. It’s a bit like saying a diet failed because you didn't lose every single pound you wanted, even if you lost twenty.

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12.

The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

Correct Answer
E
The argument ignores that the subsidy could have enabled many rural residents to gain electricity even if many others (especially the most isolated) still lack it; concluding “failure” from that is unwarranted.
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