Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: You can't have two absolute rules if there is a situation where following one means you have to break the other.

Conclusion: It is impossible for a person to be simultaneously required to tell the whole truth and to keep all secrets.

Reasoning: There are specific scenarios where answering a question truthfully would force one to break a promise of confidentiality.

Analysis: The reasoning structure here is based on a mutual exclusivity created by a specific conflict. The argument moves from a specific example (a secret vs. a question) to a general principle (you can't be obliged to do both). To find a parallel, look for an answer that identifies two general rules and then demonstrates they cannot both be absolute because they might eventually clash. The logic is: if A and B can conflict, then 'Always A and Always B' is an impossible standard.

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12.

Which one of the following arguments is most similar in its reasoning to the argument above?

Correct Answer
A
A mirrors the structure: an unqualified right to say whatever we want (analogue of T) and an obligation to be civil (analogue of P) can conflict because civility sometimes requires not saying what we want. Therefore, both normative claims cannot hold unqualifiedly—just like in the original argument.
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