Flawed ReasoningDiff: Hardest

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A lawyer claims a boss couldn't have wanted a project to fail because she hired the best people for the job, so the witness who said she wanted it to fail must be lying.

Conclusion: The witness committed perjury when claiming that Congleton intended for the project to fail.

Reasoning: Congleton assigned the highest quality staff, including the best artists and writers, to work on the project.

Analysis: The lawyer is making a massive leap from external actions to internal intent. It is entirely possible for someone to hire great people while still secretly hoping for a disaster, perhaps to maintain appearances or because they were forced to by a superior. This is an 'EXCEPT' question, so four choices will correctly identify flaws—such as confusing 'top-notch' individuals with a 'top-notch' team or assuming that hiring well guarantees a desire for success. The lawyer is being quite the bully here, assuming that professional behavior perfectly mirrors one's private heart.

Passage Stimulus

Passage Redacted

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22.

Each of the following accurately describes a flaw in the lawyer's reasoning displayed above EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
B
B is not a flaw present in the lawyer’s reasoning. The lawyer did not take for granted that the project could fail only if Congleton wanted it to fail; rather, the lawyer argued from staffing quality to Congleton’s intent and then accused the witness of lying. If this were the flaw, the lawyer would be arguing something like, “The project failed; therefore someone must have wanted it to fail,” which is not what happened here.
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