Passage Summary: You can't justify risky drug tests just by saying the people are paid volunteers. Paying someone to do something is only okay if they are truly choosing it freely, not if they are being pressured or forced into it.

Conclusion: It is wrong to defend current testing procedures for new medications solely by claiming the subjects are informed, paid volunteers.

Reasoning: While paying people for free choices is acceptable, paying people for choices made under duress is not.

Analysis: The essayist draws a distinction between free choice and choice under duress to undermine the 'paid volunteer' defense. For this argument to be relevant to 'current testing procedures,' the essayist must assume that some people in those procedures are actually acting under duress. If every single volunteer were acting with perfect, uncoerced free will, the essayist's point about duress would be irrelevant to the conclusion. Look for an answer that suggests financial need or other pressures might constitute duress for some test subjects.