Passage Summary: The author argues that because you need to be able to read to have the opinions necessary for a democracy, any society that can read will be a democracy.

Conclusion: In the Information Age, a society with high literacy rates will necessarily be a democratic one.

Reasoning: Democracy requires free choice, free choice requires well-reasoned opinions, and well-reasoned opinions require reading skills.

Analysis: The political scientist has committed a classic formal logic error: the Mistaken Reversal. The premises establish that literacy is a necessary condition for democracy (Democracy → Choice → Opinion → Literacy). However, the conclusion treats literacy as a sufficient condition (Literacy → Democracy). Just because a society has the tools required for democracy doesn't mean democracy will actually happen. Look for an answer that describes this confusion between what is required for a result and what guarantees that result.