ParadoxDiff: Easy

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A dentist says you should brush to get rid of sugar, but if you can't brush, you should chew gum—even if that gum has sugar in it.

Reasoning: Brushing removes sugar that feeds bacteria; however, chewing sugary gum is recommended when brushing isn't possible.

Analysis: The conflict is that sugar is identified as the cause of the problem, yet the dentist recommends a sugary product as a solution. For this to make sense, the act of chewing must provide a benefit that's even stronger than the harm the sugar causes. Look for an explanation that highlights a protective mechanism triggered by chewing, like a saliva-induced acid-neutralizing party in your mouth. The correct answer will explain how the 'cure' doesn't actually make the 'disease' worse.

Passage Stimulus

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1.

Which one of the following, if true, would most help to reconcile the dentist's apparently paradoxical recommendations?

Correct Answer
C
Chewing gum increases saliva, which neutralizes acidity and promotes remineralization of enamel. That provides a mechanism by which chewing even sugary gum can prevent cavities, reconciling the two recommendations with a net protective effect.
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