Flawed ReasoningDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A legislator claims a specific law is hated by voters simply because the party that passed it is expected to lose an upcoming election.

Conclusion: The recently passed highway bill is definitely unpopular with the voting public.

Reasoning: The political party that supported the bill is predicted to lose a significant number of seats in the next election.

Analysis: The legislator is guilty of a classic causal flaw by assuming that because two things are happening at once—a bill passing and a party losing seats—one must have caused the other. It’s entirely possible that voters are upset about the economy, a different scandal, or that the party is losing seats for reasons that have nothing to do with this specific highway bill. Look for an answer that points out the argument fails to consider other potential reasons for the predicted election loss. It's a bit like blaming a rainy day on the fact that you forgot your umbrella; the two might happen together, but one didn't necessarily cause the other.

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12.

The reasoning in the legislator’s argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

Correct Answer
A
A states the missing link: the argument never shows that the predicted losses wouldn’t happen absent the party’s support of the bill. Without establishing that connection, inferring unpopularity of the bill from the predicted losses is unwarranted.
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