ParadoxDiff: Medium
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Two different groups of researchers looked at the same type of plant in the same area, but one group found way more striped stems than the other did.
Reasoning: One study found that 70 percent of a plant species had patterned stems, while a second study in the same area found only 40 percent.
Analysis: We are faced with a statistical discrepancy where two studies of the same subject in the same location yielded vastly different results. To resolve this paradox, we need a piece of information that explains how both percentages could be accurate under different conditions. Perhaps the 'pattern' on the stems is seasonal, or perhaps the two studies defined the 'geographical area' slightly differently, capturing different sub-populations. Look for an answer choice that introduces a variable—like timing or sampling methods—that accounts for the 30 percent gap.
Reasoning: One study found that 70 percent of a plant species had patterned stems, while a second study in the same area found only 40 percent.
Analysis: We are faced with a statistical discrepancy where two studies of the same subject in the same location yielded vastly different results. To resolve this paradox, we need a piece of information that explains how both percentages could be accurate under different conditions. Perhaps the 'pattern' on the stems is seasonal, or perhaps the two studies defined the 'geographical area' slightly differently, capturing different sub-populations. Look for an answer choice that introduces a variable—like timing or sampling methods—that accounts for the 30 percent gap.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage9.Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy described above?
Correct Answer
D
If the first study used a broader definition of “patterned,” it would label more stems as patterned, producing a higher percentage. The second study’s stricter definition would yield a lower percentage. Both results can be accurate under different definitions, resolving the discrepancy.
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