Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A builder broke national rules and claimed he didn't know which set of rules to follow. The judge says that while that excuse might work for local rules, it doesn't work for national ones.

Conclusion: The defendant's excuse for violating national building codes—that he was confused about which codes applied—is not valid.

Reasoning: While such confusion might be an acceptable excuse for violating local codes, it is not acceptable when national codes are involved.

Analysis: This is a Principle Justify question, so we need a rule that explains why the judge treats national and local codes differently. The judge admits the excuse 'might' work for local codes but 'is' unacceptable for national ones. Look for a principle that establishes a higher burden of knowledge for national laws or suggests that ignorance of national law is never a valid defense, even if ignorance of local law is.

Passage Stimulus

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16.

Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the judge's reasoning?

Correct Answer
C
If any behavior required by national codes is also required by local codes, then failing a national requirement implies you also failed a local requirement. Confusion about which code applied could perhaps excuse missing extra local requirements (hence might be acceptable for a local charge), but it cannot excuse failing national requirements. This principle mirrors the judge’s reasoning.
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