Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Smith believes you can only understand a writer's true meaning by looking at their social environment. The speaker argues that if Smith is right, then we can figure out what she really means just by looking at her life, which implies she doesn't know it herself.

Conclusion: Smith is likely unaware of the actual meaning behind her own statements.

Reasoning: Smith claims that meaning is derived from social circumstances, and since this applies to her own words, others can discern her meaning by analyzing her background.

Analysis: To find the Sufficient Assumption, we need to bridge the gap between 'meaning is determined by external social factors' and 'the author is unaware of that meaning.' The argument assumes that if a meaning is rooted in social circumstances that others can analyze, the author must be oblivious to it. It's a bit of a leap to say that just because I can see your social influences, you can't see them too. Look for an answer that explicitly connects the external determination of meaning with a lack of internal awareness by the author.

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15.

The speaker's main conclusion logically follows if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct Answer
B
If Smith lacks insight into her own social circumstances, then by her own standard (true meaning can be understood only through such insight) she cannot be aware of the true meaning of her own words. That makes the conclusion logically follow.
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