PrincipleDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: We should keep spending money on space because, even if we don't all go to Mars, the side effects of that research give us great stuff like high-speed internet and better computers.

Conclusion: It is incorrect to argue that governments should stop funding space exploration.

Reasoning: While space travel doesn't directly affect most people, it has led to vital 'accidental' technologies like computers and lasers that society would otherwise lack.

Analysis: The underlying principle here is that an activity's value should be judged by its total impact, including its unintended positive consequences, rather than just its primary stated goals. The author is defending a program based on its 'spin-off' benefits. Look for a principle that suggests a project is worth continuing if it produces significant indirect benefits, even if the direct benefits are minimal for the average person.

Passage Stimulus

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18.

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the principle underlying the argument above?

Correct Answer
D
D captures the justification: continue supporting projects that have produced unintended benefits in the past. That matches the space exploration case (unexpected technologies) and the author’s conclusion that opponents are wrong.
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