Flawed ReasoningDiff: Hardest
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Some people think living without a government could work, but since social philosophy is supposed to keep things peaceful and anarchy is just another word for chaos, we should ignore those people.
Conclusion: The view that anarchy is a viable social philosophy deserves no further attention.
Reasoning: Social philosophy must promote peace and order, and since anarchy is defined as chaos, it fails to meet the fundamental requirements of an acceptable philosophy.
Analysis: Bowers is guilty of a 'begging the question' flaw by using a biased definition to dismiss an opposing view. He defines anarchy as 'chaos' to disqualify it, but the theorists he is attacking would almost certainly argue that anarchy does *not* lead to chaos. By assuming the very point that is likely under dispute, Bowers fails to provide a fair or logical critique of the arguments. Look for an answer choice that points out this circular use of definitions to dismiss a position.
Conclusion: The view that anarchy is a viable social philosophy deserves no further attention.
Reasoning: Social philosophy must promote peace and order, and since anarchy is defined as chaos, it fails to meet the fundamental requirements of an acceptable philosophy.
Analysis: Bowers is guilty of a 'begging the question' flaw by using a biased definition to dismiss an opposing view. He defines anarchy as 'chaos' to disqualify it, but the theorists he is attacking would almost certainly argue that anarchy does *not* lead to chaos. By assuming the very point that is likely under dispute, Bowers fails to provide a fair or logical critique of the arguments. Look for an answer choice that points out this circular use of definitions to dismiss a position.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage15.The reasoning in Bowers's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that
Correct Answer
A
The argument equivocates on “anarchy,” first treating it as the absence of government, then treating it as chaos. The conclusion depends on that shift, so the meaning of a key term changes during the argument.
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