Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Most students haven't heard about the union, and most of the ones who have heard about it don't think it's a good idea, so the author says the whole group clearly doesn't want it.

Conclusion: The graduate students at the university should not form a union.

Reasoning: The majority of students are unaware of the unionization effort, and most of those who are aware do not support it.

Analysis: The author is making a bold claim about the 'majority' of students based on a very small sample. If most students are unaware, then the group that *is* aware is a minority; a majority of that minority is not the same as a majority of the entire student body. The flaw lies in assuming that the opinions of a small, informed subgroup represent the sentiments of the entire population. It's a bit like saying a whole city hates a new restaurant when you've only talked to the three people who actually bothered to read the menu.

Passage Stimulus

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18.

The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

Correct Answer
E
E nails the flaw: it points out that the argument treats mere lack of approval (due to being unaware) as if it were disapproval. Since a majority are unaware, the claim that a majority disapprove is unsupported.
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