Flawed ReasoningDiff: Easy
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Because low oxygen made climbers bad at both talking and thinking at the same time, the author thinks the brain doesn't have separate areas for those tasks.
Conclusion: The theory that the brain's speech center is separate from the centers controlling other functions is incorrect.
Reasoning: In a study of mountain climbers, oxygen deprivation at high altitudes caused simultaneous impairment in speech, sentence comprehension, and judgment.
Analysis: The author is making a huge leap by assuming that because one cause (low oxygen) affected multiple functions, those functions must be handled by the same part of the brain. This is a classic 'common cause' error. Think of it like a power outage in a house: just because the lights and the refrigerator both stop working doesn't mean they are the same appliance. Look for an answer that points out that a single systemic factor can independently affect multiple distinct systems or regions at once.
Conclusion: The theory that the brain's speech center is separate from the centers controlling other functions is incorrect.
Reasoning: In a study of mountain climbers, oxygen deprivation at high altitudes caused simultaneous impairment in speech, sentence comprehension, and judgment.
Analysis: The author is making a huge leap by assuming that because one cause (low oxygen) affected multiple functions, those functions must be handled by the same part of the brain. This is a classic 'common cause' error. Think of it like a power outage in a house: just because the lights and the refrigerator both stop working doesn't mean they are the same appliance. Look for an answer that points out that a single systemic factor can independently affect multiple distinct systems or regions at once.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage17.The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it overlooks the possibility that
Correct Answer
A
A identifies a global-cause alternative: oxygen deprivation could impair the entire brain, producing simultaneous deficits in distinct functions. That undercuts the claim that co-impairment disproves distinct brain areas.
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