Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A critic argues that just because a book is set in the future doesn't mean it's science fiction, especially if it has the kind of great characters that science fiction usually lacks.

Conclusion: It is a mistake to categorize H. G. Wells's 'The Time Machine' as science fiction.

Reasoning: The novel features deep, compelling characters that allow for emotional absorption, a trait found in great dramatic novels but typically missing from science fiction.

Analysis: The argument relies on a gap between what science fiction 'generally lacks' and what 'The Time Machine' actually possesses. To make this conclusion logically certain, we need a 'Sufficient Assumption' that acts as a bridge: something that says if a book has these great dramatic qualities, it cannot be classified as science fiction. The critic is essentially a genre purist. Look for an answer that turns the 'general' lack of characters in sci-fi into a strict rule that excludes any book with compelling characters from the genre.

Passage Stimulus

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15.

The argument's conclusion follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct Answer
E
E supplies the missing exclusivity: a dramatic novel cannot both be great and be science fiction. Given that The Time Machine is a great dramatic novel, this ensures it cannot be science fiction, so its science-fiction classification is inappropriate.
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