Flawed ReasoningDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A gas station owner argues that we shouldn't try to make cars more fuel-efficient because the common way of doing so—making cars smaller—makes them less safe in crashes.

Conclusion: Automobile manufacturers should completely abandon efforts to improve fuel efficiency.

Reasoning: Improving fuel efficiency requires making cars smaller, and smaller cars are more dangerous to passengers, which is a risk not worth taking.

Analysis: The owner falls into a classic trap by assuming there is only one way to achieve a goal. While it might be true that smaller cars are more dangerous, the argument fails to consider that manufacturers could improve fuel efficiency through engine technology or better materials without shrinking the car. When you see an argument that rejects a goal entirely just because one specific method of reaching it is flawed, look for an answer that points out this 'false dilemma' or ignored alternative.

Passage Stimulus

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25.

The reasoning in the gas station owner's argument is flawed because the argument

Correct Answer
B
The argument criticizes one method of achieving greater fuel efficiency (making cars smaller) as too risky and then concludes the end itself (increasing fuel efficiency) should not be pursued. That is exactly concluding that because one means to an end is unacceptable, the end should be rejected.
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