Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Some students live off campus, and every music major is in the choir. The professor thinks this means no off-campus student is a music major.

Conclusion: No student who lives off campus is a music major.

Reasoning: All music majors are members of the university choir, and some students at the university live off campus.

Analysis: The professor is making a leap from 'all music majors are in the choir' to a total exclusion of off-campus students from the music department. For this to be a valid deduction, there must be a rule that separates choir members from off-campus residents entirely. To guarantee this conclusion, we need an assumption that states no member of the choir lives off campus.

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8.

The professor's conclusion is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct Answer
A
Assuming none of the off-campus students is a choir member (O → ~~C~~), and given all music majors are in the choir (M → C, so ~~C~~ → ~~M~~), we get O → ~~M~~. That exactly yields the professor’s conclusion.
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