Flawed ReasoningDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Critics say the media is too influential, but the author argues this can't be true because the media provides just as many different viewpoints as the public has.

Conclusion: It is incorrect to claim that the media possesses too much power to influence public opinion on major issues.

Reasoning: The media's power would only be excessive if they offered a narrower range of opinions than the public holds, but since the media's range of opinion is not narrower, the critics' claim must be false.

Analysis: The author is making a massive logical leap by treating one specific condition as the only way the media could have 'too much power.' This is a classic 'failure to consider alternatives' flaw. Even if the media offers a wide range of opinions, they could still exert too much power through how they frame stories or which opinions they give the most airtime. Look for an answer that points out the author is treating a sufficient condition as if it were a necessary one.

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14.

Which one of the following most accurately describes a reasoning flaw in the argument?

Correct Answer
C
C correctly identifies the denial-of-the-antecedent flaw: from “if N then C” and “not N,” the argument concludes “not C.” That treats a sufficient condition (N) as though it were necessary for C, which is invalid.
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