Passage Summary: Roger Bacon was a great scientist but a bit of a hypocrite because he didn't always follow his own advice about not relying on experts; therefore, we should throw out his scientific discoveries.

Conclusion: Roger Bacon's scientific work on optics should be ignored by modern scholars.

Reasoning: Bacon was a hypocrite because he appealed to the authority of others even though he taught his students to be skeptical of such authorities.

Analysis: This argument commits a classic 'Ad Hominem' fallacy by attacking the person rather than the data. The author concludes that Bacon's scientific findings are invalid simply because Bacon's personal behavior was inconsistent with his own teachings. However, a scientist's hypocrisy regarding 'appeals to authority' has no logical bearing on the objective truth of their optical discoveries. Look for an answer that identifies this error of dismissing a claim based on the character or conduct of the individual who made it. Even a hypocrite can be right about how light reflects off a mirror.