Weaken EXCEPTDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A politician argues that high taxes kill innovation, which makes a country weak militarily and causes it to lose its say in the world; therefore, taxes must stay low to keep the country's way of life.

Conclusion: To preserve its culture and influence, a country must keep its top income tax rate at or below 30 percent.

Reasoning: High taxes discourage technological progress, which leads to falling behind in military competition and eventually losing international influence.

Analysis: The argument relies on a rigid chain of events where high taxes inevitably lead to national decline. To weaken this, one could show that innovation isn't tied to taxes, or that military strength isn't tied to innovation, or that a 30 percent tax rate isn't the magic threshold. Since this is a 'Weaken EXCEPT' question, four choices will break a link in this chain, while the correct one will either strengthen it or be irrelevant. Look for an answer that does not disrupt the connection between tax rates, innovation, and global influence.

Passage Stimulus

Passage Redacted

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17.

Each of the following, if true, weakens the politician's argument EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
E
E does not undermine any step. The premise already allows that strategic disadvantage can result from historical accident or from foolish leadership. Saying the loss of a technological edge would be foolish rather than accidental still fits the premise’s “accident or foolishness” disjunction, so the chain remains intact.
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