Flawed ReasoningDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A poll shows that almost everyone is happy with the current percentage of school money going to counseling, so the author concludes that any new money shouldn't go to that department.

Conclusion: Any significant increase in a school's budget should be allocated to areas other than student counseling.

Reasoning: A vast majority of surveyed students, parents, and teachers believe the current percentage of the budget spent on counseling is appropriate.

Analysis: The author falls into a classic trap by confusing a percentage with an absolute dollar amount. If the total budget increases but the counseling budget stays the same, the percentage spent on counseling actually decreases, which would violate the 'appropriate percentage' the poll respondents liked. To maintain that same percentage, counseling would actually need a portion of the new funds. Look for an answer that identifies this failure to distinguish between proportions and total amounts.

Passage Stimulus

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12.

Which one of the following describes a flaw in the reasoning of the argument above?

Correct Answer
B
It confuses percentage with total amount. The fact that the current percentage is appropriate doesn’t mean additional funds shouldn’t go to counseling; you could maintain the same percentage while increasing the absolute dollars.
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