Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A news report claims that because some data in a public opinion poll was faked, the actual result must be the opposite of what the poll reported.

Conclusion: The claim that a majority of people favor increased investment in information technologies is false.

Reasoning: Because a pollster admitted to falsifying some of the data used in the survey, the survey's original conclusion cannot be true.

Analysis: This argument commits a classic 'absence of evidence' fallacy. Just because the evidence for a claim (the survey) is shown to be unreliable or based on some fake data, it doesn't automatically mean the claim itself is false. It is entirely possible that even with the fake data removed, a majority of people still favor the investment. Look for an answer choice that points out the author is confusing 'unproven' with 'untrue.'

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6.

The news item's argument is vulnerable to criticism because it fails to consider the possibility that

Correct Answer
A
A identifies the overlooked possibility: even if you purge the falsified data, the majority-in-favor result could remain. The argument’s certainty that the conclusion is false fails to consider that possibility, which makes it vulnerable.
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