ParadoxDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: There's a debate about whether ancient birds were cold-blooded or warm-blooded. One group points to growth rings in their bones to say they were cold-blooded, while another group points to blood vessels to say they were active and warm-blooded.
Reasoning: One study uses growth rings as evidence for cold-bloodedness, while another uses blood vessel density as evidence for warm-bloodedness.
Analysis: We have two conflicting pieces of biological evidence for the same animals. To resolve this, we need a piece of information that explains how an animal could have both growth rings (usually cold-blooded) and dense blood vessels (usually warm-blooded). Look for an answer that bridges these two biological markers, perhaps by showing that growth rings aren't exclusive to cold-blooded creatures. The goal is to find a fact that allows both studies to be 'right' about their observations but 'wrong' about their exclusive conclusions.
Reasoning: One study uses growth rings as evidence for cold-bloodedness, while another uses blood vessel density as evidence for warm-bloodedness.
Analysis: We have two conflicting pieces of biological evidence for the same animals. To resolve this, we need a piece of information that explains how an animal could have both growth rings (usually cold-blooded) and dense blood vessels (usually warm-blooded). Look for an answer that bridges these two biological markers, perhaps by showing that growth rings aren't exclusive to cold-blooded creatures. The goal is to find a fact that allows both studies to be 'right' about their observations but 'wrong' about their exclusive conclusions.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage13.Which one of the following, if true, would most help to resolve the dispute described above in favor of one party to it?
Correct Answer
E
If the same gene that produces growth rings also produces dense blood vessels in some cold-blooded species, then dense vasculature would not reliably indicate warm-bloodedness. That directly undermines Study 2’s inference and reconciles the evidence in favor of Study 1: prehistoric birds could be cold-blooded and still have dense bone vasculature.
Upgrade Your Prep
Ready to go beyond free explanations?
LSAT Perfection is the #1 modern LSAT prep platform, trusted by thousands of students for comprehensive test strategies, advanced drilling, and full analytics on every PrepTest.
Detailed explanations for 59 PrepTests
Advanced drillset builder
Personalized analytics
Built-in Wrong Answer Journal