ParadoxDiff: Easy
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Ancient kangaroos were built for climbing trees, but today's tree-climbing kangaroos lack the specialized thumbs and tails their ancestors had, even though those tools would be very useful.
Reasoning: The ancestors of all kangaroos had traits for climbing trees, and while it makes sense that land-dwelling kangaroos lost them, it is strange that modern tree-dwelling kangaroos also lack them.
Analysis: The paradox here is an evolutionary 'missing link'—why would a creature living in the trees lack the very traits its ancestors had that were perfectly suited for that environment? We need a piece of information that explains why modern tree-dwelling kangaroos wouldn't have these attributes despite their utility. A likely resolution would involve the lineage of these animals; perhaps modern tree-dwellers evolved from land-dwellers who had already lost those traits, rather than descending directly from the original tree-dwelling ancestors. Look for an answer that explains this 're-evolution' or provides a reason why those specific traits are no longer necessary.
Reasoning: The ancestors of all kangaroos had traits for climbing trees, and while it makes sense that land-dwelling kangaroos lost them, it is strange that modern tree-dwelling kangaroos also lack them.
Analysis: The paradox here is an evolutionary 'missing link'—why would a creature living in the trees lack the very traits its ancestors had that were perfectly suited for that environment? We need a piece of information that explains why modern tree-dwelling kangaroos wouldn't have these attributes despite their utility. A likely resolution would involve the lineage of these animals; perhaps modern tree-dwellers evolved from land-dwellers who had already lost those traits, rather than descending directly from the original tree-dwelling ancestors. Look for an answer that explains this 're-evolution' or provides a reason why those specific traits are no longer necessary.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage14.Which one of the following, if true, most helps explain the puzzling fact cited above?
Correct Answer
D
If modern tree-dwelling kangaroos evolved from land-dwellers that had long since lost prehensility/opposable thumbs, then it’s no longer surprising that modern tree-dwellers lack those traits—they re-entered the trees without re-evolving them.
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