Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Some parents use 'baby talk' to help their kids learn, but the author argues it's useless because kids who never hear baby talk learn to speak just as well as everyone else.

Conclusion: Using simplified language with babies does not provide them with any additional benefit in learning a language.

Reasoning: Children in families that do not use simplified language master grammatical structures just as quickly and effectively as children in families that do.

Analysis: This is a Necessary Assumption question, so we are looking for a 'missing link' that the argument absolutely requires to function. The author compares two groups of children to conclude that a specific behavior (simplified language) has no effect. For this comparison to be valid, the author must assume that there isn't some other factor in the 'no-baby-talk' families that is making up for the lack of simplified speech. Look for an answer that rules out the possibility that these children are receiving some other form of linguistic boost.

Passage Stimulus

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18.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Correct Answer
C
C supplies the needed link: if mastering the grammatical structure means the child has learned the language, then showing equal mastery and speed among children without simplified speech supports the claim that simplified speech offers no extra help. Negation test: if some children master grammar yet have not learned the language, the argument’s evidence no longer shows that simplified speech provides no extra help for learning a language—so C is necessary.
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