Necessary AssumptionDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Scientists found that crows seem to remember 'dangerous' people in masks and warn their friends, because years after a trapping incident, the local crows were still attacking anyone in those specific masks.
Conclusion: Crows are able to recognize specific threatening people and communicate that threat to other crows.
Reasoning: Crows that were previously trapped by researchers in masks shrieked at people wearing those same masks years later.
Analysis: The argument relies on a significant gap: who exactly is doing the shrieking years later? For the conclusion about 'passing on' concerns to be true, the argument must assume that the crows shrieking include individuals who weren't originally trapped, or that the original crows lived long enough to teach the younger generation. If it's just the same original crows holding a grudge, no 'passing on' of information actually happened. Look for an answer that addresses the continuity or communication between the original crows and the ones observed years later.
Conclusion: Crows are able to recognize specific threatening people and communicate that threat to other crows.
Reasoning: Crows that were previously trapped by researchers in masks shrieked at people wearing those same masks years later.
Analysis: The argument relies on a significant gap: who exactly is doing the shrieking years later? For the conclusion about 'passing on' concerns to be true, the argument must assume that the crows shrieking include individuals who weren't originally trapped, or that the original crows lived long enough to teach the younger generation. If it's just the same original crows holding a grudge, no 'passing on' of information actually happened. Look for an answer that addresses the continuity or communication between the original crows and the ones observed years later.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage23.The argument depends on the assumption that
Correct Answer
A
A is necessary for the claim about passing concerns to other crows. Negation test: If none of the later attackers were new (i.e., all were originally trapped), the evidence would show only individual memory, not social transmission. That would undermine the argument’s second claim.
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