StrengthenDiff: Hardest

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Scientists found termites in every single one of those weird bare spots in the desert grass, so they've decided the termites must be the ones making the spots.

Conclusion: The burrowing activities of sand termites are the cause of the vegetation-free 'fairy circles.'

Reasoning: Scientists observed a perfect correlation where sand termite colonies were present in every fairy circle they examined.

Analysis: The argument jumps from a correlation (termites and circles appearing together) to a causal claim (termites cause the circles). To strengthen this, we need to bolster that causal link. Look for an answer that rules out an alternative cause, shows the effect doesn't happen without the cause, or provides a mechanism for how the termites kill the grass. For instance, if the termites were shown to arrive before the grass dies, the hypothesis would be much more convincing.

Passage Stimulus

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18.

Which one of the following, if true, most supports the scientists' hypothesis?

Correct Answer
A
Root-only damage in dying plants within newly forming circles fits the proposed mechanism—termites burrow underground and would harm roots rather than leaves/stems—thus directly supporting the causal hypothesis.
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