Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: An editorial claims it is a scandal that the city hired a contractor because most of its workers don't have a specific professional certificate, making them 'unqualified.'

Conclusion: The city is wrong to have hired a contractor whose workforce is sixty percent unqualified.

Reasoning: Only forty percent of the technicians at the chosen company are certified by the Heating Technicians Association.

Analysis: The author is making a massive leap by equating 'not certified by the HTA' with being 'unqualified.' This argument relies on a narrow definition of competence that excludes experience, other certifications, or on-the-job training. To bridge this gap, the argument requires a necessary assumption that the HTA certification is the only valid measure of qualification. If a technician could be qualified without that specific piece of paper, the author's 'outrage' loses its logical foundation.

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1.

Which one of the following is an assumption required by the argument in the editorial?

Correct Answer
C
Reasoning gap: It assumes that any technician who lacks the specified certification is thereby unqualified. Without this assumption, the step from “only 40% certified” to “60% unqualified” does not follow. Negation test: If some uncertified technicians are still qualified, then it would be false that 60% are unqualified, undermining the conclusion.
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