Must be TrueDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Modern experts think an old-fashioned punishment makes kids grow up to be insecure, but the actual evidence shows those kids grew up to be just as confident as everyone else.
Reasoning: Psychologists believe a specific 19th-century punishment damages self-esteem and adult confidence, but data shows adults who experienced it are just as confident as those who did not.
Analysis: We are looking for a deduction based on the conflict between a psychological theory and historical evidence. If the theory predicts a specific outcome (lower confidence) that failed to materialize in the real world, then the theory's application to this specific practice is likely incorrect. Look for an answer that suggests the psychologists' claims about the long-term effects of this particular punishment are not supported by the evidence. It turns out that sitting outside might have been boring, but it didn't necessarily ruin anyone's life.
Reasoning: Psychologists believe a specific 19th-century punishment damages self-esteem and adult confidence, but data shows adults who experienced it are just as confident as those who did not.
Analysis: We are looking for a deduction based on the conflict between a psychological theory and historical evidence. If the theory predicts a specific outcome (lower confidence) that failed to materialize in the real world, then the theory's application to this specific practice is likely incorrect. Look for an answer that suggests the psychologists' claims about the long-term effects of this particular punishment are not supported by the evidence. It turns out that sitting outside might have been boring, but it didn't necessarily ruin anyone's life.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage11.Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the historian's statements?
Correct Answer
E
E captures the conditional inference: given that loss of self-esteem would lower adult confidence, the equal average confidence implies the practice did not tend to cause significant loss of self-esteem.
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