Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: In Hallstown, most people don't go to the store very often. Since most people who don't go to the store often buy frozen dinners, the author concludes that most people in Hallstown buy frozen dinners.

Conclusion: A majority of people in Hallstown likely purchase prepared frozen dinners on a regular basis.

Reasoning: Most people who shop for groceries three times a month or less buy frozen dinners regularly, and most people in Hallstown shop for groceries three times a month or less.

Analysis: The argument fails because of a classic 'Most' overlap error. Just because Most A (Hallstown residents) are B (infrequent shoppers), and Most B (infrequent shoppers) are C (frozen dinner buyers), it does not mathematically guarantee that Most A are C. The two majorities might not overlap at all. Look for an answer choice that mimics this 'Most A are B, Most B are C, therefore Most A are C' structure, which incorrectly assumes transitivity between two majority groups.

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22.

Which one of the following arguments has a flawed pattern of reasoning most like the flawed reasoning in the argument above?

Correct Answer
D
D matches the flawed pattern. Most commuters drive sedans (Most A are B). Most people in Highland County commute (Most H are A). Therefore, most people in Highland County drive sedans (Most H are B). It makes the same invalid 'most of most' leap.
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