Necessary AssumptionDiff: Medium
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Euclidean math has parallel lines, but many physicists think our universe follows a specific non-Euclidean math instead. If they are right, parallel lines are nowhere to be found in our world.
Conclusion: If certain physicists are correct about the nature of our universe, then parallel lines do not exist within it.
Reasoning: These physicists believe a specific non-Euclidean geometric system accurately describes our universe, whereas parallel lines are a feature of Euclidean systems.
Analysis: The argument contains a significant logical gap between the premise and the conclusion. It tells us that a 'specific' non-Euclidean system describes the universe and concludes that, therefore, there are no parallel lines. However, the stimulus never explicitly states that this particular non-Euclidean system lacks parallel lines. For the conclusion to be necessary, the argument must assume that the specific system favored by physicists is one in which parallel lines are impossible.
Conclusion: If certain physicists are correct about the nature of our universe, then parallel lines do not exist within it.
Reasoning: These physicists believe a specific non-Euclidean geometric system accurately describes our universe, whereas parallel lines are a feature of Euclidean systems.
Analysis: The argument contains a significant logical gap between the premise and the conclusion. It tells us that a 'specific' non-Euclidean system describes the universe and concludes that, therefore, there are no parallel lines. However, the stimulus never explicitly states that this particular non-Euclidean system lacks parallel lines. For the conclusion to be necessary, the argument must assume that the specific system favored by physicists is one in which parallel lines are impossible.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage9.Which one of the following is an assumption that is required by the argument?
Correct Answer
A
A states exactly the needed link: that the non-Euclidean system with the most empirical verification contains no parallel lines. Negation test: if that system did allow parallel lines, the conclusion would be false even if the physicists are right, so A is necessary.
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