Necessary AssumptionDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Teaching people to read before they are fully educated can backfire on a government because it makes the public easy targets for smooth-talking rebels.
Conclusion: Efforts by relatively kind governments to increase literacy can ironically lead to their own downfall.
Reasoning: Literacy spreads before general education is established, leaving a newly literate but uneducated population susceptible to the influence of manipulative leaders who advocate for change.
Analysis: The historian is making a leap from 'people are vulnerable to demagogues' to 'benign regimes may be toppled.' For this to work, we must assume that these demagogues actually want to (and can) overthrow the specific 'benign' regimes mentioned. There is also a subtle gap regarding whether the 'injustices' people become aware of are actually present in these benign regimes or if the demagogues simply invent them. We need an assumption that bridges the vulnerability of the populace with the actual collapse of the government. It's a classic case of social dynamics where the road to political instability is paved with good, but incomplete, intentions.
Conclusion: Efforts by relatively kind governments to increase literacy can ironically lead to their own downfall.
Reasoning: Literacy spreads before general education is established, leaving a newly literate but uneducated population susceptible to the influence of manipulative leaders who advocate for change.
Analysis: The historian is making a leap from 'people are vulnerable to demagogues' to 'benign regimes may be toppled.' For this to work, we must assume that these demagogues actually want to (and can) overthrow the specific 'benign' regimes mentioned. There is also a subtle gap regarding whether the 'injustices' people become aware of are actually present in these benign regimes or if the demagogues simply invent them. We need an assumption that bridges the vulnerability of the populace with the actual collapse of the government. It's a classic case of social dynamics where the road to political instability is paved with good, but incomplete, intentions.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage19.Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian's argument depends?
Correct Answer
D
D supplies the needed link: lacking general education affects the ability to differentiate legitimate from illegitimate calls for reform. Negation test: if a lack of general education does not affect that ability, then the interim between literacy and education wouldn’t be a special window of vulnerability to demagogues, undercutting the conclusion.
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