Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Scientists want to film whales using sea lions as 'cameramen' because whales are used to sea lions and won't get spooked or act weird.

Conclusion: Using sea lions to film whales will allow biologists to observe their natural, everyday behavior.

Reasoning: Whales are accustomed to sea lions, unlike divers or submarines which are novel stimuli that cause unusual behavior.

Analysis: The argument hinges on the idea that the camera won't ruin the disguise. Even if whales are cool with sea lions, will they be cool with sea lions wearing bulky electronic backpacks? We need to assume that the addition of the camera doesn't turn the familiar sea lion into a 'novel stimulus' itself. Look for an answer that ensures the equipment or the sea lion's behavior doesn't tip off the whales that something is different.

Passage Stimulus

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11.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the biologists' reasoning depends?

Correct Answer
B
The plan works only if whales view the commanded, camera-carrying sea lions as behaving normally. Negation test: If the sea lions’ commanded behavior falls outside the range whales are used to, then the sea lions become a novel stimulus, likely changing whale behavior—defeating the plan. So this assumption is necessary.
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