Flawed Parallel ReasoningDiff: Medium
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: Most people who take allergy pills have pet allergies. Since Chuck has a dog, he'll likely take those pills if he ends up being allergic to his dog.
Conclusion: Chuck will probably use allergy medication if he develops an allergy to pets.
Reasoning: Most pet owners who use allergy medication have pet allergies, and Chuck is a pet owner.
Analysis: This argument commits a classic error of reversing a probability. It tells us that 'Most people with Meds have Allergies' and concludes that 'If Chuck has an Allergy, he will likely have Meds.' This is like saying most people who win the lottery bought a ticket, so if you buy a ticket, you'll likely win. To find a parallel flaw, look for an answer that takes a characteristic of a specific group and incorrectly assumes that everyone with that characteristic must belong to that group.
Conclusion: Chuck will probably use allergy medication if he develops an allergy to pets.
Reasoning: Most pet owners who use allergy medication have pet allergies, and Chuck is a pet owner.
Analysis: This argument commits a classic error of reversing a probability. It tells us that 'Most people with Meds have Allergies' and concludes that 'If Chuck has an Allergy, he will likely have Meds.' This is like saying most people who win the lottery bought a ticket, so if you buy a ticket, you'll likely win. To find a parallel flaw, look for an answer that takes a characteristic of a specific group and incorrectly assumes that everyone with that characteristic must belong to that group.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage16.Which one of the following arguments exhibits flawed reasoning that is most similar to that exhibited by the argument above?
Correct Answer
B
It mirrors the flaw: from “most cars taken to Acme have electrical problems” to “if a car has electrical problems, it is likely to be taken to Acme.” This reverses the probabilistic relationship just like the original.
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