Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A study concluded that people are dishonest because they didn't return an extra dollar they received in their change at a store.

Conclusion: Most customers who were given an extra dollar in their change acted dishonestly.

Reasoning: In a study, very few of the customers who were accidentally given an extra dollar returned the money to the store.

Analysis: The argument assumes that failing to return the dollar is a conscious act of dishonesty. However, there is a significant gap: did the customers even realize they had an extra dollar? If a customer shoves their change into their pocket without looking, they aren't being 'dishonest'—they're just oblivious. To evaluate this argument, we need to know if the participants were aware of the error. Look for an answer choice that asks about the subjects' awareness or the visibility of the extra dollar.

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2.

The answer to which one of the following questions would most help in evaluating the argument?

Correct Answer
A
Knowing whether people counted their change directly tests the critical assumption that nonreturners realized they received extra money. If most didn’t count, the low return rate doesn’t show dishonesty; if most did count, it does.
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