Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: We usually think in 'either-or' pairs, but because science found a few examples where things fit into both categories, we should stop using 'either-or' thinking altogether.

Conclusion: The practice of using mutually exclusive categories should be generally stopped.

Reasoning: Scientific advances have shown that some specific categories, like animal/plant or matter/energy, are not actually mutually exclusive.

Analysis: This argument commits a sweeping overgeneralization. It takes a few specific instances where a dichotomy failed (like matter and energy) and uses them to conclude that the entire concept of dichotomous classification is flawed and should be 'generally abandoned.' It's a bit like saying that because you found one or two 'vegetarian' dishes that actually contain fish sauce, we should stop using the category of 'vegetarian' entirely. To find the parallel, look for a flaw where a general rule is discarded simply because a few exceptions were discovered.

Passage Stimulus

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25.

Which one of the following exhibits flawed reasoning most similar to that in the argument above?

Correct Answer
B
It argues that because some antianxiety drugs have serious problems, we should discontinue using drugs to treat anxiety altogether. That mirrors the stimulus’s flawed leap from some counterexamples to a sweeping recommendation to abandon the whole approach.
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