WeakenDiff: Hard

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: A doctor argues that since some herbs are safe to eat, it's okay to give them to people with serious diseases, even if we don't know if they work, because they can't hurt and might help.

Conclusion: Advocates should be permitted to prescribe safe herbs for serious illnesses even if their medicinal effectiveness is unproven.

Reasoning: Because these herbs are safe to consume, patients will not be harmed and might potentially benefit from them.

Analysis: The doctor's argument hinges on the claim that the patients 'will not be harmed' simply because the herbs themselves are non-toxic. This ignores a major secondary harm: the 'opportunity cost' of forgoing effective, evidence-based treatments while pursuing unproven herbal remedies. If a patient with a serious illness chooses a harmless herb instead of a life-saving drug, they are certainly being harmed by the delay. To weaken this, look for an answer that highlights the danger of substituting proven treatments with unproven ones.

Passage Stimulus

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5.

Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the doctor's argument?

Correct Answer
A
It shows a major indirect harm: if practitioners and patients neglect more effective conventional medicines in favor of herbs, patients with serious illnesses can be worse off. That directly undercuts the premise that “patients will not be harmed” and the conclusion that advocates should “always” be allowed to prescribe them.
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