Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Big stars make movies hits. So, if you don't have big stars, your movie will probably flop.

Conclusion: Movies featuring unknown actors are unlikely to be successful at the box office.

Reasoning: Movies with famous actors often succeed because those actors have established, loyal fan bases.

Analysis: This argument commits a classic formal logic error known as 'denying the antecedent.' It assumes that because a certain factor (famous actors) guarantees success, the absence of that factor guarantees failure. In abstract terms: 'If A, then B; therefore, if Not A, then Not B.' To find a parallel flaw, look for an answer choice that identifies a sufficient condition for an outcome and then incorrectly claims that the outcome cannot happen without that condition.

Passage Stimulus

Passage Redacted

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14.

The flawed reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which one of the following?

Correct Answer
B
Like the stimulus, it reasons: often the presence of bee balm brings pollinators and enables abundant crops; therefore, gardens without bee balm usually do not produce abundant crops. This incorrectly treats one helpful factor as if it were necessary for the outcome.
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