WeakenDiff: Medium

Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Researchers found that people who don't exercise cost the healthcare system about $1,650 more over their lives, so the author concludes that being lazy is a financial burden on everyone else.

Conclusion: The decision to remain physically inactive creates a meaningful financial drain on the public.

Reasoning: A study calculated that individuals with sedentary lifestyles incur an average of $1,650 more in lifetime healthcare costs compared to others.

Analysis: The argument assumes that higher healthcare costs automatically equate to a higher total burden on society, but it ignores potential 'savings' from a sedentary lifestyle. For instance, if sedentary individuals have shorter lifespans, they might collect significantly less in pension or Social Security benefits than active individuals. To weaken the argument, look for an answer that suggests active people incur other costs that sedentary people avoid, or that sedentary people save society money in other areas. It is a cold, calculated way of looking at human life, but that is exactly what the stimulus invites us to do.

Passage Stimulus

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25.

Which one of the following, if true and not taken into account by the calculation, most seriously weakens the argument?

Correct Answer
C
C introduces reverse causation/confounding: conditions that eventually require care often first predispose people to be sedentary. That means the extra costs are due to the conditions, not to a voluntary decision not to exercise. If the calculation didn’t account for this, the argument’s causal and moral claim is seriously undermined.
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