WeakenDiff: Hard
Logic Breakdown
Passage Summary: An archaeologist found an old spearhead in a mastodon that doesn't look like the ones from the closest part of Russia/Asia, so they conclude the first people to move to America must have come from somewhere further away in Asia.
Conclusion: The initial human settlers from Eurasia likely originated from a region further away than the one closest to North America.
Reasoning: A weapon found in an ancient mastodon doesn't match the style of weapons found in the nearby part of Eurasia, and humans arrived just before the Ice Age peaked.
Analysis: The argument assumes that if the spearhead doesn't match the current archaeological record of the closest region, the people couldn't have come from there. We need to find a reason why the spearhead might be different even if the people did come from the nearby area. Perhaps the nearby Eurasians changed their tool styles over time, or the specific projectile found was a rare type not yet discovered by archaeologists in the nearby region. Look for an answer that provides an alternative explanation for why the weapon styles don't match.
Conclusion: The initial human settlers from Eurasia likely originated from a region further away than the one closest to North America.
Reasoning: A weapon found in an ancient mastodon doesn't match the style of weapons found in the nearby part of Eurasia, and humans arrived just before the Ice Age peaked.
Analysis: The argument assumes that if the spearhead doesn't match the current archaeological record of the closest region, the people couldn't have come from there. We need to find a reason why the spearhead might be different even if the people did come from the nearby area. Perhaps the nearby Eurasians changed their tool styles over time, or the specific projectile found was a rare type not yet discovered by archaeologists in the nearby region. Look for an answer that provides an alternative explanation for why the weapon styles don't match.
Passage Stimulus
Passage Redacted
Unlock Full Passage20.Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the archaeologist's argument?
Correct Answer
A
A directly undercuts the key inference. If the projectile does not resemble any used in Eurasia before or during the Ice Age, then its dissimilarity to the nearest Eurasian region can’t support the claim that settlers came from a more distant Eurasian region.
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